LGG

LGG stands for Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, a probiotic bacterial strain widely used in dietary supplements and some fortified foods. The strain is one of the best-studied probiotics and derives its name from Gorbach and Goldin, who isolated it in the 1980s. LGG is marketed as Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG or simply LGG and is included in products intended to support gut health and immune function.

Lactobacillus rhamnosus is a Gram-positive, rod-shaped lactic acid bacterium. The GG strain is characterized by tolerance to stomach acid and bile, robust adherence to intestinal mucosa, and the ability to modulate host immune responses. Proposed mechanisms include strengthening the epithelial barrier, competing with pathogens for adhesion sites, and reducing inflammatory signaling, which may help maintain gut homeostasis after disturbances.

Clinical evidence supports several specific uses in children. Trials and meta-analyses have found that LGG can reduce the risk of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and may lessen the duration of acute gastroenteritis. Some studies also report a reduced risk of necrotizing enterocolitis in very-low-birth-weight preterm infants when LGG is used as part of probiotic regimens, but results are not uniform and practice varies by region and guideline.

Safety and regulation: LGG is generally considered safe for healthy individuals. Rare cases of bacteremia or sepsis have been reported in severely immunocompromised or critically ill patients. Probiotic products are regulated as dietary supplements in many countries, with labeling and quality control varying by jurisdiction.