LEDdimming

LED dimming refers to techniques used to reduce the light output of LED luminaires while preserving color quality and efficiency. Dimming is achieved at the driver level by adjusting current, voltage, or the switching pattern that powers the LEDs. Proper dimming depends on the compatibility between the LED module and its driver; a poor match can cause flicker, color shift, or instability.

Common methods include analog (linear) dimming, which reduces the drive current continuously; and switching-based dimming such as pulse-width modulation (PWM), which rapidly turns the LEDs on and off with a variable duty cycle to achieve the desired brightness. In addition, control interfaces like 0-10V, DALI (Digital Addressable Lighting Interface), DMX, and TRIAC/CETO dimming are used in different applications. 0-10V and DALI provide standardized control signals, while TRIAC dimming is common in residential mains dimmers but may require compatible drivers to avoid flicker or reduced performance.

Dimming can affect color and light quality. Some LED arrays exhibit a shift in correlated color temperature or color rendering at low brightness, depending on the design and phosphor composition. The dimming range, minimum brightness, and potential for flicker or audible hum depend on the driver and dimming method.

Applications span residential, commercial, architectural, and stage lighting. Standards and practices emphasize driver compatibility, flicker management, and consistent color output across the dimming range, with testing typically covering dimming range, flicker metrics, and endurance.