Kénsavgyártás

Kénsavgyártás, often translated as sulfuric acid production, refers to the industrial processes used to manufacture sulfuric acid (H2SO4), a highly corrosive and versatile chemical. The dominant method for its production is the contact process, which involves several key stages. Initially, sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds are burned in air to produce sulfur dioxide (SO2). This sulfur dioxide is then oxidized to sulfur trioxide (SO3) in the presence of a catalyst, typically vanadium pentoxide (V2O5), at high temperatures. This oxidation step is the heart of the contact process.

The sulfur trioxide is subsequently absorbed into concentrated sulfuric acid to form oleum (H2S2O7), also known as fuming sulfuric acid. Finally, oleum is diluted with water to produce sulfuric acid of the desired concentration. Sulfuric acid is one of the most important industrial chemicals globally, with widespread applications in fertilizer production, petroleum refining, metal processing, and the manufacturing of other chemicals. Its significant role in various industries underscores the importance of efficient and safe kénsavgyártás. Environmental considerations, such as controlling sulfur dioxide emissions, are crucial aspects of modern sulfuric acid production.