Käänteisosmoosikalvon

Käänteisosmoosikalvo is a semipermeable membrane used in reverse osmosis systems. Its primary function is to allow water molecules to pass through while preventing larger dissolved solids, such as salts, minerals, and organic compounds, from crossing. This selective permeability is achieved through a carefully engineered structure, often consisting of multiple layers with varying pore sizes. The most common material for these membranes is polyamide, chosen for its durability and effectiveness.

During the reverse osmosis process, pressure is applied to the feed water, forcing it against the semipermeable membrane. This pressure overcomes the natural osmotic pressure, causing water to flow from an area of high solute concentration to an area of low solute concentration. The käänteisosmoosikalvo acts as the barrier, separating the purified water (permeate) from the concentrated waste stream (reject). The performance of the membrane is measured by its rejection rate, indicating the percentage of dissolved solids it can effectively remove. Regular maintenance and eventual replacement of the käänteisosmoosikalvo are essential for maintaining the efficiency and effectiveness of a reverse osmosis system.