Kärnförlustströmmen

Kärnförlustströmmen, often translated as core loss current or iron loss current, is a theoretical component of the total current drawn by an inductive load, such as a transformer or an induction motor. It represents the current that would be required to overcome the energy losses occurring within the magnetic core of the device. These losses are primarily due to two phenomena: hysteresis loss and eddy currents.

Hysteresis loss arises from the continuous magnetization and demagnetization of the core material as the alternating magnetic field changes direction. This process requires energy to overcome the molecular friction within the magnetic domains. Eddy currents are circulating currents induced within the conductive core material by the changing magnetic flux, according to Faraday's law of induction. These currents dissipate energy as heat due to the resistance of the core material.

In practical terms, the kärnförlustströmmen is a non-linear function of the applied voltage and frequency. It is typically modeled as a resistance in parallel with the magnetizing inductance of the device. While it is a conceptual component for analysis, it directly contributes to the overall efficiency and power consumption of inductive devices. Reducing core losses is a significant factor in the design and manufacturing of efficient electrical machinery and transformers, often achieved through the use of laminated cores and materials with low hysteresis loss.