Käibega

Käibega is an Estonian grammatical construction formed from the noun käive, meaning turnover or revenue, with the comitative/instrumental suffix -ga. The resulting phrase käibega functions as an attributive modifier equivalent to “with turnover” or “having turnover” and is used to describe entities or groups in terms of their turnover.

In usage, käibega appears in business, statistics, and journalism to classify or describe organisations by their turnover. It is typically placed before a noun to form a noun phrase such as käibega ettevõte (a company with turnover) or käibega ettevõtted (companies with turnover). The construction is widely understood in professional Estonian text as a descriptive indicator rather than a separate lexical item. It can be combined with numerical expressions to specify thresholds, for example, käibega üle miljoni euroga ettevõtted (companies with turnover over one million euros).

Grammatically, käibega is a fixed form derived from käive and attached to another noun phrase to function as a modifier. The dependent noun is declined according to its own case and number, while käibega remains unchanged within a sentence. The expression is common in market analyses, company profiles, and statistical reports as a concise way to refer to turnover-based classifications.

See also: käive (turnover), müügitulu (sales revenue).

Further reading on Estonian business terminology and grammatical constructions can provide additional context for the use of instrumental-suffixed modifiers like käibega.