Kylmävulkanointiprosessi

Kylmävulkanointi, also known as cold vulcanization, is a process used to cure rubber at ambient temperatures without the application of external heat. Instead of heat, it relies on chemical agents, typically sulfur compounds and accelerators, to initiate and complete the cross-linking of rubber molecules. This process creates a strong, durable bond between rubber surfaces or between rubber and other materials.

The most common method of cold vulcanization involves the use of specific adhesives that contain uncured rubber and vulcanizing agents. When these adhesives are applied to the surfaces to be joined and allowed to dry, the chemical reactions begin. The solvent evaporates, bringing the rubber molecules into close proximity, and the vulcanizing agents then initiate the cross-linking process, forming a permanent bond. This is often used for repairing rubber items like conveyor belts, tires, and hoses.

Another form of cold vulcanization utilizes gaseous chemicals or solutions to achieve the curing. For instance, sulfur monochloride dissolved in a solvent can be applied to rubber surfaces. As the solvent evaporates, the sulfur monochloride reacts with the rubber, causing vulcanization. This method is particularly useful for thin rubber articles or coatings where heat curing might be impractical or damaging.

The advantages of cold vulcanization include its ability to be performed at room temperature, making it suitable for heat-sensitive materials and applications where on-site repairs are necessary. It is also generally faster than traditional hot vulcanization. However, the resulting rubber may not possess the same physical properties, such as tensile strength and elasticity, as rubber cured using heat. The choice between cold and hot vulcanization depends on the specific application requirements and the desired properties of the final product.