Kylmäainey

Kylmäainey, often translated as refrigerant or coolant, is a substance used in refrigeration and air conditioning systems. Its primary function is to absorb heat from a low-temperature space and release it to a higher-temperature environment. This process is fundamental to how refrigerators, freezers, and air conditioners work.

The operation of a refrigeration cycle relies on the phase changes of the kylmäainey. Typically, it circulates through a closed loop, undergoing evaporation at low pressure and low temperature, followed by compression, condensation at high pressure and high temperature, and finally expansion back to low pressure. During evaporation inside the refrigerated space, the kylmäainey absorbs heat and turns into a gas. As it passes through the compressor, its temperature and pressure increase. In the condenser, usually located outside the cooled area, the hot gas releases heat to the surroundings and condenses back into a liquid. The expansion valve then reduces its pressure and temperature, preparing it to absorb heat again.

Historically, various substances have been used as kylmäainey, including ammonia, sulfur dioxide, and chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). However, due to environmental concerns, particularly the depletion of the ozone layer and global warming potential, many of these have been phased out. Modern refrigeration systems predominantly use hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), hydrofluoroolefins (HFOs), and natural refrigerants like propane and carbon dioxide, which have lower environmental impacts. The selection of a specific kylmäainey depends on factors such as system design, operating temperatures, efficiency requirements, and environmental regulations.