Kvotoudvælgelse

Kvotoudvælgelse, often translated as quota selection or quota sampling, is a method used in survey research and statistical sampling. It aims to create a sample that is representative of a population based on specific characteristics or strata. This is achieved by setting quotas for the number of individuals to be included in the sample from each defined subgroup.

The process begins by identifying key demographic or behavioral variables that are important for the research objectives. These variables, such as age, gender, socioeconomic status, or geographic location, are used to define the strata. Once the strata are defined, the researcher determines the proportion of the total population that each stratum represents. These proportions are then translated into quotas for the sample. For example, if a population is 60% female and 40% male, a quota sample would aim to include 60% females and 40% males.

Unlike stratified random sampling, kvotoudvælgelse does not necessarily involve random selection within each stratum. Instead, interviewers or data collectors are often given the responsibility to find individuals who meet the quota criteria until the predetermined number for each subgroup is reached. This can make the method more convenient and cost-effective, especially when access to certain population groups is difficult. However, the lack of random selection can introduce selection bias, as the individuals chosen within each quota might not be truly representative of that subgroup. Researchers must be mindful of this limitation when interpreting the results of studies employing kvotoudvælgelse.