Kvantpricksbaserade

Kvantpricksbaserade refers to materials and devices that rely on quantum dots (QDs)—nanoscale semiconductor crystals whose optical and electronic properties are governed by quantum confinement. The term is used in Swedish-language contexts to describe technologies that use quantum dots as critical functional components.

Quantum dots have size-tunable emission and absorption spectra, bright, narrow emission lines, and broad, continuous absorption across a wide range. By adjusting particle size and composition, researchers tailor color output for specific applications; core-shell architectures improve photostability and quantum yield.

Common synthesis is colloidal, allowing solution processing. Cadmium-based QDs (e.g., CdSe or CdTe with ZnS shells) provide high performance, but toxicity concerns drive development of cadmium-free options such as indium phosphide, zinc chalcogenides, or carbon dots and perovskite QDs, each with its own trade-offs in stability and efficiency. Surface ligands and shell engineering control solubility and charge transfer, enabling integration into matrices, films, or devices.

Applications span displays and lighting (quantum-dot LEDs and displays with wide color gamut), solar energy (quantum-dot solar cells and photodetectors), bioimaging and biosensing (fluorescent labeling with targeted dots), and sensors (environmental and chemical detection).

Advantages include high color purity, tunable emission, and potential for lower energy consumption. Challenges include environmental and health concerns with heavy-metal QDs, long-term stability under illumination, moisture sensitivity, and scalable, cost-effective manufacturing. Ongoing research aims to improve cadmium-free options, surface chemistry, and device architectures.