Kustannushyötytarkastelu

Kustannushyötytarkastelu, often abbreviated as KHT, is a Finnish term referring to a cost-benefit analysis. It is a systematic process used to evaluate the desirability of a project or policy by comparing the total expected costs against the total expected benefits. The core principle is to determine if the anticipated gains from an undertaking outweigh its associated expenditures. This methodology is widely employed in both public and private sectors to inform decision-making, particularly when allocating scarce resources.

The process typically involves identifying all relevant costs and benefits, both tangible and intangible, and quantifying them in monetary terms as much as possible. Costs can include direct expenses, opportunity costs, and potential negative externalities. Benefits can encompass increased revenue, improved efficiency, enhanced quality of life, or environmental improvements. Once quantified, these costs and benefits are then compared, often over a specific time horizon. Various analytical tools and metrics, such as net present value, benefit-cost ratio, and internal rate of return, may be utilized to facilitate the comparison and assess the overall value proposition.

The aim of KHT is to provide a structured framework for evaluating alternatives and to support rational and efficient decision-making. It helps to ensure that investments are made where the expected returns are greatest and that public or private funds are utilized in the most advantageous manner. While a powerful tool, it's important to acknowledge that KHT relies on estimations and assumptions, and the accuracy of the analysis is dependent on the quality of the data and the assumptions made.