Kurwen

Kurwen is a traditional German folk custom primarily observed in the Swabian region of Baden-Württemberg, particularly in the city of Ulm. The term originates from the Swabian dialect word *Kurwe*, meaning "candle," and is associated with the celebration of the Feast of the Purification of Mary (also known as Candlemas) on February 2nd.

The custom involves a procession where participants carry large, elaborately decorated candles, often shaped like the Virgin Mary or saints, through the streets. These candles, known as *Kurwenleuchten*, are typically made of beeswax and can weigh up to 100 kilograms. The procession is accompanied by music, often featuring brass bands, and is a highlight of the local Carnival season.

Kurwen has deep historical roots, dating back to the Middle Ages, and was originally linked to religious observances. Over time, it evolved into a secularized festival blending folk traditions with Carnival festivities. The event is particularly significant in Ulm, where the *Kurwenumzug* (Kurwen procession) is a major annual attraction, drawing thousands of spectators.

The festival is characterized by its vibrant atmosphere, with participants dressed in traditional costumes and locals lining the streets to watch. While the religious origins have faded, Kurwen remains a cherished cultural tradition, symbolizing community and heritage in Swabian society. The event is also recognized for its unique blend of piety, folklore, and festive celebration.