Kurkkumädältä

Kurkkumädältä is a Finnish term that translates to "diphtheria" in English. Diphtheria is a serious infectious disease that is caused by specific strains of bacteria called Corynebacterium diphtheriae. These bacteria produce a powerful toxin that can damage vital organs such as the heart, kidneys, and nervous system. The disease is primarily spread through respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes. It can also be transmitted through direct contact with sores or contaminated objects.

Symptoms of diphtheria typically appear within two to five days after exposure and can range from mild to severe. Common signs include a sore throat, fever, swollen glands in the neck, and a thick, gray membrane that covers the throat and tonsils, making breathing and swallowing difficult. In severe cases, the toxin can lead to paralysis, heart failure, and even death.

Fortunately, diphtheria is largely preventable through vaccination. The DTaP vaccine protects against diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (whooping cough). In Finland, as in many other countries, routine childhood vaccination programs have significantly reduced the incidence of diphtheria. However, sporadic outbreaks can still occur, particularly in areas with low vaccination rates. Treatment for diphtheria involves administering antitoxin to neutralize the toxin and antibiotics to kill the bacteria. Prompt medical attention is crucial for a favorable outcome.