Kupowanych

Kupowanych is a form of the Polish adjective kupowany, or the passive past participle of the verb kupić (to buy). It is used to describe nouns that have been bought or are in the process of being bought. In practice, kupowanych most often appears in contexts referring to goods or items that have been purchased, rather than to the act of buying itself.

Grammatically, kupowanych is the genitive plural or accusative plural ending of the masculine personal form kupowany. Other related forms include kupowany (singular masculine, nominative), kupowani (plural nominative), kupowane (neuter or plural feminine in some cases), and kupowana (singular feminine). The form kupowanych therefore signals a plural noun in cases where possession or description is expressed in genitive or direct object position.

Usage and nuances: kupowanych emphasizes the state of being purchased and is common in formal or technical writing, such as economics, commerce, and audit reports. It often appears in phrases like ceny kupowanych towarów (prices of purchased goods), koszty kupowanych materiałów (costs of purchased materials), or jakość kupowanych produktów (quality of purchased products). It is distinct from kupione, a past participle used in more straightforward, narrative contexts to mean “bought.” As an attributive modifier, kupowanych helps specify that the described items are not merely available but have already been acquired.

See also: kupowany, kupione, kupić, kupować.