Kromoszómája

Kromoszómája is the Hungarian word for "its chromosome" or "his chromosome." In biology, a chromosome is a thread-like structure found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. It is made up of protein and a single molecule of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). DNA contains the genetic instructions for the development, functioning, growth, and reproduction of all known organisms and many viruses.

Humans typically have 23 pairs of chromosomes in each cell, for a total of 46. Twenty-two of these pairs are autosomes, and the remaining pair are the sex chromosomes (XX for females and XY for males). These chromosomes carry the genes, which are the basic units of heredity. The number and structure of chromosomes are important for normal cell function and development. Abnormalities in chromosome number or structure can lead to various genetic disorders.

The term "kromoszómája" specifically indicates possession, referring to the chromosome belonging to a particular male or female individual. For example, one might say "A lány kromoszómája az X" which translates to "The girl's chromosome is X." Similarly, "A fiú kromoszómája az Y" means "The boy's chromosome is Y." Understanding the concept of chromosomes is fundamental to genetics and molecular biology.