Kosning

Kosning is the Icelandic word for an election, the process by which voters choose representatives or decide public questions. Elections are a central element of democracy, providing a mechanism for selecting government, approving policies, and holding public office accountable.

In Iceland, two main categories of elections exist: national elections to the Althingi, Iceland’s parliament, and local elections to municipal councils. National elections determine the composition of the legislature that enacts laws and forms the government, while local elections decide governance at the municipal level and the delivery of local services. In addition, referendums may be held on constitutional amendments or other significant public issues.

Election administration is governed by law, and the process typically involves secret ballots, universal suffrage as defined by statute, and impartial oversight to ensure fairness. The Althingi is elected on a regular timetable, with elections normally held every four years, though the government may call early elections under certain circumstances. Local elections occur on separate schedules depending on the municipality.

The outcome of elections shapes national policy and political leadership, and elections are widely viewed as a measure of democratic legitimacy. They are supported by institutions aimed at transparency, equal access, and voter participation, with ongoing reforms to modernize voting practices and ensure broad participation. Kosning thus serves as a foundational process in Icelandic governance and civic life.