Korvalääketiede

Korvalääketiede, also known as otology, is a specialized branch of medicine focused on the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and conditions affecting the ear and hearing. This field encompasses the study of the anatomy, physiology, and pathology of the external ear, middle ear, and inner ear, as well as the central auditory pathways. Otologists are medical doctors who have completed extensive training in surgical and non-surgical methods to address a wide range of ear-related issues.

Common conditions treated within korvalääketiede include hearing loss of various types, such as conductive, sensorineural, and mixed hearing loss. Tinnitus, characterized by the perception of ringing or other sounds in the ear without an external source, is another significant area of focus. Ear infections, including otitis externa (swimmer's ear) and otitis media (middle ear infection), are frequently managed. Balance disorders, such as vertigo and Meniere's disease, which are often linked to inner ear dysfunction, are also within the purview of otology.

Diagnostic tools used in korvalääketiede include audiometry to assess hearing levels, tympanometry to evaluate middle ear function, and otoacoustic emissions testing. Imaging techniques like MRI and CT scans may be employed to visualize the structures of the ear and surrounding areas. Treatment options range from medication and hearing aids to surgical interventions such as tympanoplasty for eardrum repair, stapedectomy for otosclerosis, and cochlear implantation for severe to profound hearing loss. Korvalääketiede plays a crucial role in preserving and restoring auditory function and balance.