Koordinátatranszformáció

Koordinátatranszformáció, often abbreviated as "koordinátatransz," refers to the process of converting a set of coordinates from one reference system to another. This is a fundamental operation in various fields, including geodesy, cartography, surveying, and computer graphics. The need for coordinate transformations arises because different applications or regions may utilize different datums, projections, or local coordinate systems.

A coordinate transformation typically involves mathematical formulas that relate the coordinates in the source system to the coordinates in the target system. These formulas can range from simple translations and rotations to more complex affine or projective transformations, depending on the nature of the shift between the two reference frames. For geographic coordinates, transformations often involve converting between different ellipsoidal models (datums) and map projections.

Common transformations include converting between geographic coordinates (latitude and longitude) and projected coordinates (e.g., Universal Transverse Mercator - UTM). Another frequent task is shifting coordinates from a global geodetic datum, such as WGS 84, to a local or national datum. The accuracy of a coordinate transformation is crucial, and the choice of transformation method and parameters depends heavily on the required precision for the specific application. Software packages and online tools are widely available to perform these calculations.