Kontaktwiderstände

Kontaktwiderstand refers to the electrical resistance that occurs at the interface between two conductive materials when they are in contact. This resistance is present in virtually all electrical connections, even those that appear to be solid and continuous. It arises from several factors, including the microscopic imperfections on the surfaces of the contacting materials, the presence of oxide layers or contaminants, and the limited contact area. When current flows across the interface, it must navigate these obstacles, leading to a voltage drop and power dissipation as heat.

The magnitude of the kontaktwiderstand is influenced by the pressure applied between the surfaces, the nature of the materials in contact, and the cleanliness of the surfaces. Higher contact pressure generally reduces the resistance by increasing the effective contact area. Similarly, smooth and clean surfaces tend to exhibit lower kontaktwiderstand compared to rough or contaminated ones. This resistance can have significant implications in electrical and electronic systems, affecting performance, efficiency, and reliability. For instance, high kontaktwiderstand can lead to excessive heating, voltage drops, and signal degradation. Minimizing kontaktwiderstand is therefore a crucial consideration in the design and manufacturing of electrical components and systems.