Kontaktihypoteesi

Kontaktihypoteesi, also known as the contact hypothesis, is a social psychology theory that proposes that intergroup prejudice can be reduced through direct contact between members of different social groups. The hypothesis suggests that under certain conditions, increased interaction between groups can lead to more positive attitudes and improved intergroup relations.

For the contact hypothesis to be effective, several conditions are generally considered important. These include equal status between the groups, common goals that require cooperation, intergroup cooperation facilitated by authorities or institutions, and the development of friendships and personal acquaintances between members of the groups. When these conditions are met, contact can challenge negative stereotypes, increase empathy, and foster a sense of common identity.

The theory has been applied to various contexts, including racial and ethnic relations, religious differences, and even interactions between different age groups. While empirical evidence generally supports the contact hypothesis, its effectiveness can vary depending on the specific circumstances and the nature of the groups involved. Critics sometimes point to instances where contact may not lead to positive outcomes or could even exacerbate tensions if not managed properly. Despite these nuances, the contact hypothesis remains a significant framework for understanding how to reduce prejudice and promote intergroup harmony.