Kolostomia

Kolostomia is a surgical procedure that creates an opening in the abdomen, called a stoma, which allows for the diversion of fecal matter from the colon to a collection bag worn outside the body. This procedure is typically performed when the colon or rectum is diseased, damaged, or has been removed.

The primary reasons for a colostomy include the treatment of conditions such as colorectal cancer, inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis), bowel obstruction, and severe constipation. It can also be a temporary measure following certain surgeries to allow the bowel to heal.

There are different types of colostomies, including end colostomy, loop colostomy, and double-barrel colostomy, each depending on the extent of bowel resection and the desired outcome. The location of the stoma on the abdomen is also a key factor in the type of colostomy created.

Living with a colostomy requires adaptation and learning to manage the stoma and collection pouch. Stoma care involves regular cleaning, skin protection, and emptying or changing the pouch. Support groups and healthcare professionals provide essential guidance and resources for individuals with colostomies to maintain a good quality of life. While it represents a significant life change, many individuals with colostomies are able to return to their normal activities.