Kollagénen

Kollagénen is the most abundant protein in the human body, playing a crucial role in providing structural support to various tissues. It is a key component of connective tissues, including skin, bones, tendons, ligaments, and cartilage. The word "collagen" originates from the Greek word "kólla," meaning glue, and "gen," meaning producing, reflecting its function as a biological "glue" that holds the body together.

Structurally, collagen is a fibrous protein characterized by its triple helix formation, where three polypeptide chains intertwine. This unique structure contributes to collagen's remarkable tensile strength, making it resistant to stretching. There are at least 28 different types of collagen identified in the human body, with type I, II, and III being the most prevalent and serving distinct functions. Type I is found in skin, tendons, and bones, providing strength. Type II is primarily located in cartilage, offering shock absorption. Type III is abundant in skin and internal organs, contributing to their elasticity.

The synthesis of collagen begins with the production of procollagen, which is then modified and secreted outside the cell. Enzymes play a vital role in cross-linking these procollagen molecules, forming mature collagen fibrils. This process is influenced by factors such as vitamin C, which is essential for collagen synthesis and repair. As individuals age, the body's natural collagen production declines, leading to common signs of aging such as wrinkles, decreased skin elasticity, and joint stiffness. Dietary supplements and topical applications containing collagen are popular for their purported benefits in improving skin health and joint function, although scientific evidence for their efficacy can vary.