Knochendichteveränderungen

Knochendichteveränderungen, also known as bone density changes, refer to alterations in the mineral content and structural integrity of bone tissue. These changes can occur naturally with aging or be indicative of underlying medical conditions. The most significant and common bone density change is osteoporosis, a condition characterized by a decrease in bone mass and density, leading to weakened bones that are more susceptible to fractures. This can result from insufficient calcium and vitamin D intake, hormonal changes, certain medications, or genetic predispositions.

Conversely, bone density can also increase, although this is less common as a pathological concern. Conditions like osteopetrosis, a rare genetic disorder, can lead to abnormally dense and brittle bones. Bone density changes are typically assessed using a diagnostic imaging technique called dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), which measures the amount of calcium and other minerals in a specific area of bone. Early detection and management of bone density changes, particularly osteoporosis, are crucial for preventing debilitating fractures and maintaining mobility. Lifestyle modifications, such as increasing calcium and vitamin D intake, engaging in weight-bearing exercise, and avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption, can help support bone health. In some cases, medication may be prescribed to slow bone loss or stimulate bone formation.