Klinopyrokseenia

Klinopyrokseenia is a mineral belonging to the pyroxene group, which are important rock-forming silicate minerals. Specifically, it is the monoclinic polymorph of iron magnesium silicate. Its chemical formula is typically (Fe, Mg)SiO3. While often described by this simplified formula, natural clinopyroxenes are complex solid solutions with variations in their iron and magnesium content, and can also incorporate other elements such as calcium, aluminum, and sodium.

Clinopyroxenes crystallize in the monoclinic crystal system. They are characterized by their double chains of silica tetrahedra linked by metal cations, predominantly iron and magnesium in the case of clinopyroxene. These minerals are commonly found in mafic and ultramafic igneous rocks, such as basalt, gabbro, and peridotite. They can also occur in metamorphic rocks and are present in meteorites.

The physical properties of clinopyroxene vary depending on its specific composition. It typically appears as prismatic or stubby crystals. Its color can range from black to dark green or brown, and it often exhibits a glassy luster. Clinopyroxene has a Mohs hardness of around 5.5 to 6.5 and a specific gravity typically between 3.2 and 3.6. Its cleavage is distinct, occurring in two directions at angles of approximately 87 and 93 degrees, which is a characteristic feature of pyroxenes. Understanding clinopyroxene is crucial for petrologists in interpreting the formation conditions and evolution of various rock types.