Kivennäishumus

Kivennäishumus, also known as mineral humus or humic substances derived from minerals, refers to organic matter that has undergone complex chemical and biological transformations, often in association with mineral soil components. Unlike typical soil humus which is primarily formed from the decomposition of plant and animal residues, kivennäishumus involves a more intricate interaction between organic compounds and inorganic soil particles like clays and metal oxides.

This process can occur in various environments, including bogs, wetlands, and even some marine sediments. The organic molecules within mineral humus are often characterized by their stability and resistance to further decomposition. These substances can form strong complexes with mineral surfaces, influencing soil structure, nutrient availability, and water retention.

The composition of kivennäishumus is highly variable, depending on the original organic sources and the specific mineralogy and environmental conditions of its formation. It plays a significant role in pedogenesis, the process of soil formation, by contributing to the development of soil horizons and influencing the overall fertility and chemical properties of soils. Research into kivennäishumus is ongoing to better understand its formation, properties, and ecological functions.