Kiseldioxid

Kiseldioxid, also known as silicon dioxide, is a chemical compound with the formula SiO2. It is the most abundant mineral in the Earth's crust and is found in various forms, both crystalline and amorphous. Crystalline forms include quartz, tridymite, and cristobalite, while amorphous forms include fused silica and silicates.

The physical properties of kiseldioxid vary depending on its crystalline structure. Quartz, the most common form, is hard, transparent, and chemically inert. It has a high melting point and a low coefficient of thermal expansion. Amorphous silica, such as fused silica, is also very stable and resistant to chemical attack.

Kiseldioxid has a wide range of applications. In its pure form, it is used in the manufacturing of glass, ceramics, and abrasives. It is also a key component in the production of semiconductors, where its insulating properties are essential. In the food industry, kiseldioxid is used as an anti-caking agent. It is also found in many cosmetics and personal care products.

Naturally occurring kiseldioxid is found in sand, quartz, and various types of rocks. It is also produced synthetically for industrial purposes. The environmental impact of kiseldioxid is generally considered low due to its stability and inertness. However, fine silica dust can pose a respiratory hazard if inhaled, leading to silicosis.