Kibo

Kibo, formally the Japanese Experiment Module, is the primary laboratory component of the International Space Station built by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA). The name Kibō means “hope” in Japanese, reflecting its role as a major site for international space research.

The module consists of three elements: the Pressurized Module (JEM-PM), which provides crew living and working space for experiments; the Exposed Facility (JEM-EF), which hosts experiments outside the station; and the JEM Robotic Arm (JEMRMS), used to assemble and maneuver payloads on the exterior. The system supports a wide range of scientific disciplines, including life sciences, materials science, and fundamental physics, and it enables experiments that require a stable microgravity environment.

Kibo was delivered to the ISS in multiple missions beginning in 2008, with its components installed over time to form the complete facility. It represents the first permanent laboratory built by JAXA on the station and is the largest single component of the ISS, illustrating Japan’s role in international space research.

As part of international cooperation in space science, Kibo has hosted experiments from many countries and supported long-term human spaceflight activities by expanding the research capabilities available to astronauts. It remains in active use, continuing to host experiments and support crew operations aboard the International Space Station.