Keskivakuoli

Keskivakuoli is a type of filariasis that affects the lymphatic system, caused by the parasitic worm Wuchereria bancrofti. It is one of the three main forms of lymphatic filariasis, the others being bancroftian filariasis and brugian filariasis.

The term "keskivakuoli" is derived from Finnish, and literally translates to "Middle death", which refers to the disease's obstructive nature, causing a middle-aged person's body to be so drastically affected that it leads to their death. Keskivakuoli is largely a tropical disease that affects individuals in Africa, Asia, and Latin America.

Symptoms of Keskivakuoli vary significantly from person to person, and can range from subclinical to overt disease. In many cases, the disease results in developing hydrocele, an accumulation of fluid in the testicles, which can cause swelling and sometimes, infertility.

In severe cases, Keskivakuoli may result in elephantiasis, a condition characterized by a grossly enlarged and disfigured limb due to chronic lymphangitis and dermal thickening. The disease is spread through the bite of an infected female mosquito. Preventive measures, including bed nets and mosquito repellents, are often used to combat Keskivakuoli.

Medical treatment for Keskivakuoli includes administration of anthelmintic drugs, primarily albendazole and ivermectin. Elimination programs, primarily run by the World Health Organization, aim at controlling and eventually eradicating lymphatic filariasis, including Keskivakuoli. However, much work remains to eradicate this disease.