Keskijännitealue

Keskijännitealue refers to a specific voltage range used in electrical power distribution systems. It generally falls between low voltage and high voltage. In Finland, where the term is commonly used, the keskijännitealue typically ranges from 1 kilovolt (kV) to 36 kV. This voltage level is suitable for distributing electricity from substations to local transformers that then step it down to the lower voltages used by consumers.

The primary purpose of the keskijännitealue is to efficiently transport electricity over medium distances. While low voltage is impractical for long-distance transmission due to high current and significant energy losses, high voltage requires more complex and expensive infrastructure. The keskijännitealue strikes a balance, allowing for effective distribution without excessive losses or prohibitive costs.

Electricity is transmitted at a higher voltage from power plants to substations. At these substations, transformers reduce the voltage to the keskijännitealue for distribution within cities, towns, and industrial areas. From the distribution networks operating in the keskijännitealue, local transformers further reduce the voltage to the low voltage (typically 230/400 V in Finland) that is used by households and most businesses. This tiered voltage system is fundamental to the safe and efficient operation of modern electrical grids.