Kernrollen

Kernrollen is a German term used to describe the essential roles that determine the success of a project, product, or narrative. The concept emphasizes a small set of roles that carry the core responsibilities and influence outcomes significantly. In theatre and storytelling, Kernrollen refer to the main characters whose actions drive the plot, such as the protagonist and primary antagonists, along with any central allies or mentors. Nebenrollen are supporting characters with less impact on the main arc.

In organizational and product contexts, Kernrollen designate the roles required to deliver a goal. They are typically narrowly scoped and highly accountable. Examples can include product owner, project sponsor, lead developer, or operations lead, depending on the framework used. The precise composition of Kernrollen varies by domain, project size, and goals, but common features include clear responsibility, high visibility, and direct interaction with critical processes.

Identifying Kernrollen involves mapping value creation and decision points, and distinguishing essential from optional roles. Tools such as a RACI or RASCI matrix, stakeholder maps, or user story mapping can help. Once defined, Kernrollen should align with the overall strategy, be explicitly documented, and periodically reviewed to reflect changes in scope or priorities. In practice, focusing on Kernrollen helps reduce role confusion, improve accountability, and accelerate decision-making, while allowing less central roles to be acted upon as needed.