Keratinizációs

Keratinizációs is a biological process that occurs in the epidermis of vertebrates. It refers to the differentiation of keratinocytes, the primary cells of the epidermis, as they move from the basal layer towards the surface. During this process, keratinocytes accumulate keratin, a tough, fibrous structural protein, and undergo a series of changes including flattening, loss of organelles, and eventual death. This results in the formation of the stratum corneum, the outermost layer of the skin, which acts as a protective barrier against mechanical stress, chemical agents, and microbial invasion.

The keratinization process is essential for maintaining skin integrity and function. It is a continuous cycle, with new keratinocytes constantly being produced in the basal layer to replace those that are shed from the stratum corneum. This renewal process is regulated by various growth factors and signaling pathways. Abnormal keratinization can lead to a variety of skin disorders, such as psoriasis and ichthyosis, where the skin's protective barrier is compromised. The study of keratinizációs is important for understanding skin biology and developing treatments for dermatological conditions.