Kemikaalien

Kemikaalien (Finnish for chemicals) are substances with a defined composition, including elements, compounds, and mixtures. They may occur naturally or be manufactured for use in industry, science, medicine, and everyday life.

Chemicals are categorized by their structure and properties. Organic chemicals contain carbon, while inorganic chemicals do not. They range from simple substances such as water and table salt to complex formulations such as cleaning products or medicines. Properties used to describe chemicals include physical properties (melting point, boiling point, density, solubility) and chemical properties (reactivity, acidity, basicity). Hazards associated with chemicals include toxicity, flammability, corrosivity, and environmental harm.

Regulatory frameworks aim to ensure safe use. In the European Union, chemicals are subject to classification, labeling and packaging (CLP) and registration, evaluation, authorization and restriction of chemicals (REACH). Safety data sheets (SDS) provide hazard information, handling instructions, and first-aid measures. National systems, such as Finland’s, align with these EU rules, and workplaces must manage storage, ventilation, spill containment, and personal protective equipment.

Responsible chemical use involves risk assessment, exposure control, and substitution of hazardous substances where feasible. Public information and consumer labeling help individuals make safer choices. The term kemikaalien encompasses a vast range of substances from water and salts to solvents, fuels, polymers, and medicines.