Keelepruugi

Keelepruugi is a term used in linguistic descriptions to refer to the systematic and distinctive idiosyncrasies of a language or language community. It denotes habitual patterns that are characteristic of how a language is used by its speakers, including phonetic realizations, word choice, syntactic constructions, and discourse practices. Keelepruugi is not a synonym for dialect or sociolect, but a broader descriptor of language-specific tendencies that may cross or cut across regional or social groups and may persist despite standardization.

In practice, the concept covers features that are stable enough to be described across speakers yet variable enough to distinguish groups or communities. Descriptions often cover phonology (e.g., particular pronunciations or intonation patterns), morphology (e.g., common affixes or inflectional patterns), syntax (e.g., preferred word order or clause structure), and lexis (e.g., characteristic vocabulary or phrasing). Keelepruugi can arise from historical development, language contact, education, and cultural norms, and it may shift over time with contact and change.

Scholars use the notion to document language habitus and to explain why learners or linguists perceive a language as distinctive. It is commonly employed in descriptive linguistics, sociolinguistics, and fieldwork reports. Related concepts include dialectology, sociolect, linguistic variation, and isogloss.