Katalysatoromformere

Katalysatoromformere, often referred to as catalytic converters, are devices installed in the exhaust system of internal combustion engines. Their primary function is to reduce the toxicity of harmful emissions before they are released into the atmosphere. This is achieved through a series of chemical reactions facilitated by catalytic materials.

The typical catalytic converter contains a ceramic honeycomb structure coated with precious metals such as platinum, palladium, and rhodium. As exhaust gases flow through the honeycomb, these metals act as catalysts, accelerating chemical reactions that convert pollutants into less harmful substances. For example, carbon monoxide is oxidized into carbon dioxide, unburned hydrocarbons are converted into carbon dioxide and water, and nitrogen oxides are reduced into nitrogen gas.

Modern catalytic converters are highly efficient, capable of converting over 90% of the most common pollutants. Their development and widespread adoption have been a significant factor in improving air quality in urban areas. However, they are susceptible to damage from leaded gasoline, engine misfires, and physical impact. The precious metals used in their construction also make them a target for theft. Ongoing research focuses on developing more durable and cost-effective catalytic materials.