Kasviskalvo

Kasviskalvo, also known as the epidermis, is the outermost layer of the skin, serving as a protective barrier against external environmental factors. It is composed of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, which means it is made up of multiple layers of flat cells that are filled with the protein keratin. The epidermis is continuously renewed through a process called keratinization, where new cells are produced in the basal layer and gradually move upwards, eventually shedding as dead skin cells.

The epidermis plays a crucial role in maintaining the skin's integrity and function. It acts as a physical barrier, preventing the entry of pathogens and other harmful substances. Additionally, it helps regulate body temperature by controlling the rate of water loss and retains moisture to keep the skin hydrated. The epidermis also contains melanocytes, which produce melanin, the pigment responsible for skin color and protection against ultraviolet radiation.

There are two main types of cells in the epidermis: keratinocytes and melanocytes. Keratinocytes are the most abundant cells and are responsible for the production of keratin, which gives the skin its strength and durability. Melanocytes, on the other hand, produce melanin, which protects the skin from UV damage and gives it its color.

The epidermis is further divided into several layers, each with its own specific function. The basal layer, also known as the stratum germinativum, is where new cells are produced. The stratum spinosum is the next layer, characterized by its spiny appearance due to the presence of intermediate filaments. The stratum granulosum is the third layer, where keratinization begins. The stratum lucidum is a thin, clear layer found only in thick skin, such as that on the palms and soles. Finally, the stratum corneum is the outermost layer, composed of fully keratinized, dead cells that provide protection and act as a barrier against external factors.

In summary, kasviskalvo, or the epidermis, is a vital component of the skin that serves as a protective barrier, regulates body temperature, and helps maintain skin health. Its continuous renewal and unique cellular composition contribute to its essential functions in the body.