Kasvatushoitoon

Kasvatushoitoon is a form of out-of-home care in Finland in which a child is placed outside the home to receive upbringing and care arranged by the municipal social services under the Child Welfare Act (lastensuojelulaki). The aim is to safeguard the child’s safety, well-being, and development when the parents or guardians cannot provide adequate care. Kasvatushoitoon may involve placement with a foster family (perhekasvatus) or in a care institution or other approved setting. The placement is guided by an individualized care plan (kasvatussuunnitelma) that sets goals, support measures, and arrangements for the child’s upbringing, education, and contact with family.

The process begins with assessment and a decision by the municipal social services. In many cases, placement occurs with the guardians’ consent, but in situations of risk or incapacity to provide care, authorities may arrange placement under guardianship or, if necessary, court involvement. The child remains under the responsibility of the social services; the family retains certain rights and responsibilities as guardians or supporters of the child, and the child’s wishes are taken into account to the extent appropriate.

Regular reviews are conducted to monitor progress and decide whether the child should be returned home, continue the care arrangement, or move toward another permanent solution such as adoption or permanent guardianship. The caregiver receives appropriate support services and financial assistance for the child’s needs.

Children and youths have rights to participate in decisions affecting them, to be informed about their care, and to maintain contact with family where appropriate. The overarching aim of kasvatushoitoon is to provide a stable, supportive environment that promotes development and, whenever possible, safe reunification with the family or a suitable permanent arrangement.