Karotidkärlen

Karotidkärlen, also known as carotid arteries, are a pair of major blood vessels located on either side of the neck. These arteries are crucial for supplying oxygenated blood to the brain, face, and neck. Each common carotid artery branches into two main arteries: the external carotid artery and the internal carotid artery.

The external carotid artery primarily supplies blood to the face, scalp, and neck structures. It branches extensively to reach these areas. In contrast, the internal carotid artery is responsible for the blood supply to the brain and its internal structures. It enters the skull and divides into smaller arteries that form the anterior and middle cerebral arteries, which are vital for brain function.

The carotid arteries can be palpated at the front of the neck, just below the angle of the jaw. Blockages or narrowing of the carotid arteries, often due to atherosclerosis (plaque buildup), can significantly increase the risk of stroke. This is because a narrowed artery can reduce blood flow to the brain or a piece of plaque can break off and travel to the brain, causing an obstruction. Medical assessments, such as carotid Doppler ultrasounds, are used to evaluate the condition of these arteries. Treatments may include lifestyle changes, medications to manage risk factors, or surgical procedures like carotid endarterectomy to remove plaque.