Kalsiumoksalaattikivi

Kalsiumoksalaattikivi is the most common type of kidney stone. These stones form when urine contains too much calcium and oxalate, and not enough citrate. Oxalate is a substance found in many foods, such as spinach, rhubarb, nuts, and chocolate. Calcium is a mineral found in dairy products and other foods. Citrate is a substance found in citrus fruits. When these substances combine in the urine, they can form crystals that eventually grow into stones.

The formation of calcium oxalate stones can be influenced by several factors. These include a diet high in oxalate and sodium, insufficient fluid intake, and certain medical conditions like inflammatory bowel disease or hyperparathyroidism. Genetic predisposition can also play a role. Symptoms of kidney stones can include severe pain in the back and side, pain radiating to the lower abdomen and groin, fever, chills, and blood in the urine.

Treatment for kidney stones depends on the size and location of the stone. Small stones may pass on their own with increased fluid intake. Larger stones may require medical intervention, such as lithotripsy (using sound waves to break up the stone) or surgery. Prevention strategies focus on increasing fluid intake, reducing sodium and oxalate in the diet, and in some cases, medication to lower calcium or oxalate levels in the urine. Dietary modifications should be discussed with a healthcare professional.