Kaliumjodidi

Kaliumjodidi, or potassium iodide (KI), is an inorganic compound comprising potassium cations (K+) and iodide anions (I−). It appears as a white, odorless crystalline solid that is highly soluble in water and hygroscopic, commonly stored as an anhydrous solid in dry conditions. In solution, KI readily dissociates into K+ and I− and serves as a convenient source of iodide in chemistry and biology.

Production and occurrence: KI is produced commercially in conjunction with iodine manufacture, often as a byproduct of processing natural brines and iodide-containing minerals. It can also be prepared by neutralizing hydroiodic acid or via iodination reactions in laboratory settings.

Applications: In medicine and nutrition, KI is used to treat or prevent iodine deficiency and to protect the thyroid from radioactive iodine uptake during nuclear accidents. It is also used as a reagent in organic synthesis and analytical chemistry; it provides iodide ions for reactions and for qualitative tests, such as the precipitation of lead(II) iodide or silver iodide.

Safety and handling: KI is of relatively low toxicity but excessive intake can lead to iodism, thyroid dysfunction, or hypersensitivity reactions. It may interact with certain medications and is contraindicated in some thyroid conditions and pregnancy unless advised by a clinician. It should be stored away from moisture and oxidizing agents in a cool, dry place, in tightly closed containers.