Kalibrointikurva

A kalibrointikurva, or calibration curve, is a graphical representation used in analytical chemistry and related fields to establish a relationship between measured instrument responses and known concentrations of a substance. The curve is created by plotting the signal intensity (such as absorbance, fluorescence, or voltage) against the concentration of a series of standard solutions with precisely defined concentrations. This relationship allows for the accurate quantification of unknown samples by comparing their measured responses to the calibration curve.

The process begins with preparing a set of standard solutions, typically spanning a range of concentrations relevant to the analysis. Each standard is measured under consistent conditions, and the resulting data points are plotted. A best-fit line, often linear or polynomial, is then fitted to these points to model the relationship between concentration and response. The accuracy of the calibration curve depends on factors such as the precision of the standards, the stability of the instrument, and the absence of interferences.

Calibration curves are essential in ensuring measurement reliability, as they account for variations in instrument sensitivity, drift, or nonlinearity. Regular recalibration is necessary to maintain accuracy, particularly when instruments are subject to wear or environmental changes. In fields like spectroscopy, chromatography, and electrochemistry, calibration curves are routinely used to determine unknown concentrations with high precision, supporting applications in environmental monitoring, pharmaceutical analysis, and clinical diagnostics. Proper calibration minimizes errors and enhances the validity of experimental results.