Kalibriergeraden

Kalibriergeraden, also known as calibration curves or standard curves, are graphical representations used in analytical chemistry and other scientific fields to determine the concentration of an unknown analyte. They are constructed by plotting the measured response of an analytical instrument (such as absorbance, fluorescence, or peak area) against a series of known concentrations of the analyte. These known concentrations are referred to as standards.

The process begins with preparing a set of solutions with accurately known concentrations of the substance being measured. Each of these standards is then analyzed using the same method that will be applied to the unknown sample. The instrument's response for each standard is recorded. Once a sufficient number of data points are obtained, a graph is plotted with the instrument response on the y-axis and the analyte concentration on the x-axis.

Typically, a linear relationship is observed between the instrument response and the analyte concentration within a specific range. A line of best fit is then drawn through these data points, often using a linear regression analysis. This fitted line is the kalibriergerade. To determine the concentration of an unknown sample, the sample is analyzed, and its corresponding instrument response is measured. This measured response is then located on the y-axis of the kalibriergerade, and the corresponding concentration is read off the x-axis. This concentration is the estimated amount of analyte present in the unknown sample. The accuracy of the kalibriergerade is crucial for obtaining reliable quantitative results.