Kalibröinti

Kalibröinti is the process of evaluating and adjusting the accuracy of a measuring instrument by comparison with one or more reference standards. The aim is to ensure that measurements are correct and that results are traceable to national or international standards. Calibration establishes a relationship between the instrument’s readings and the true values, typically by applying known input quantities and recording the instrument’s response. If discrepancies are found, adjustments may be made to reduce or eliminate bias, drift, or nonlinearities.

In practice the workflow includes: planning and scheduling; selection of appropriate reference standards or artifacts; carrying out measurements under specified environmental conditions; calculating correction factors and updating instrument settings; issuing a calibration certificate that documents the results, the standards used, the measurement uncertainty, and the traceability chain; and re-verification.

Traceability ensures that measurements can be traced back to the SI units through a documented chain of comparisons with measurement standards held by laboratories or national metrology institutes. Calibration frequency depends on device usage, criticality, environment, and regulatory requirements. Types of calibration include factory calibration, on-site calibration, and external laboratory calibration. Some contexts distinguish calibration from verification, where verification checks performance against specifications without altering the instrument.

Kalibröinti is essential in industries such as manufacturing, healthcare, laboratories, and metrology to maintain quality, comply with standards like ISO/IEC 17025, ISO 9001, and to support quality control and decision making.