Kaksoisaukkoilmiö

Kaksoisaukkoilmiö, often referred to as the double-slit experiment, is a fundamental demonstration in quantum mechanics that illustrates the wave-particle duality of matter and light. The experiment involves directing particles, such as photons or electrons, towards a barrier with two narrow, parallel slits.

When particles are fired one at a time, a detector screen placed behind the barrier reveals an interference pattern, similar to what would be observed if waves were passing through the slits. This pattern consists of alternating bands of high and low particle density, indicating that the particles are somehow behaving like waves and interfering with themselves. The surprising aspect is that this interference occurs even when particles are sent through the slits individually, suggesting that each particle passes through both slits simultaneously.

If an attempt is made to observe which slit each particle passes through, the interference pattern disappears, and a simpler pattern with two distinct bands emerges, as if the particles were behaving like classical particles. This phenomenon implies that the act of observation influences the quantum state of the particle, collapsing its wave function. The kaksoisaukkoilmiö challenges our classical intuition about the nature of reality and is a cornerstone in understanding quantum phenomena.