Kaksikomplementaarne

Kaksikomplementaarne is an Estonian term that translates to "two's complement" in English. It is a mathematical operation used in digital computing to represent signed integers. This method allows for both positive and negative numbers to be represented within a fixed number of bits.

The most common way to obtain the two's complement of a binary number is to first invert all the bits (change 0s to 1s and 1s to 0s) and then add one to the result. For example, to find the two's complement of the 8-bit binary number 00000101 (which represents the decimal number 5), we first invert it to get 11111010. Then, adding one to this gives 11111011. This binary representation, 11111011, is the two's complement representation of -5.

The primary advantage of using two's complement is that it simplifies the design of digital circuits for arithmetic operations, particularly addition and subtraction. Subtraction can be performed by adding the two's complement of the subtrahend to the minuend. This eliminates the need for separate circuitry for addition and subtraction, making processors more efficient. Most modern computers use two's complement to represent integers.