Kaasusorptio

Kaasusorptio is a term used in materials science to denote a class of gas sorption processes that integrate adsorption and absorption within a porous solid. The concept emphasizes reversible, selective uptake of gaseous species by engineered host materials under practical temperature and pressure ranges.

Mechanism. In kaasusorptio, gas molecules first adsorb on internal pore surfaces (physisorption) and then diffuse into the pore network where stronger chemisorption or chemical interaction stabilizes the species. This combined mechanism can yield higher capacities and tailored selectivity than adsorption alone.

Materials and design. Common platforms include metal-organic frameworks, covalent organic frameworks, zeolites, and porous carbons, often functionalized with amine or other reactive groups to target specific gases. Pore size, surface chemistry, and hydrophobicity are tuned to optimize performance.

Applications. Kaasusorptio concepts are explored for carbon dioxide capture, natural gas sweetening, hydrogen storage, and gas sensing. Potential advantages include lower regeneration energy and enhanced selectivity, though challenges remain in moisture stability, material durability, and large-scale processing.

Evaluation and outlook. Researchers rely on gravimetric and volumetric isotherms, kinetic studies, and spectroscopic probes to characterize kaasusorptio behavior. The term remains relatively new and variably defined, with ongoing efforts to standardize measurements and identify practical, scalable materials. See also adsorption, absorption, sorption, metal-organic frameworks.