Kõrgusandurid

Kõrgusandurid, also known as altimeters, are instruments used to measure altitude, the height of an object above a fixed level. They are essential in various fields, including aviation, mountaineering, and meteorology. The most common type of kõrgusandur is the barometric altimeter, which works by measuring atmospheric pressure. As altitude increases, atmospheric pressure decreases. The barometric altimeter is calibrated to translate these pressure changes into altitude readings.

Another type of kõrgusandur is the radio altimeter. This device uses radio waves to determine the height above the ground. It emits radio waves downwards and measures the time it takes for them to return after reflecting off the surface. This method provides a more precise measurement of height above terrain, particularly at lower altitudes, and is commonly used in aircraft for landing and for terrain-following.

In aviation, kõrgusandurid are critical for maintaining safe flight paths, avoiding terrain, and executing precise landings. Pilots rely on them to monitor their altitude relative to sea level or the ground. For hikers and climbers, portable kõrgusandurid help track their ascent and descent, providing valuable information about their progress and the surrounding terrain. In meteorology, kõrgusandurid on weather balloons and sounding rockets are used to measure atmospheric conditions at different altitudes, contributing to weather forecasting and atmospheric research. Modern kõrgusandurid often integrate with GPS systems, combining pressure-based readings with satellite-derived position data for enhanced accuracy and reliability.