Käännösperiaatteet

Käännösperiaatteet refers to the fundamental guidelines and theories that underpin the practice of translation. These principles address the challenges of transferring meaning, style, and cultural context from a source language to a target language. A key aspect is the translator's aim: should the translation be more literal, focusing on the exact wording and sentence structure, or should it prioritize a more free, idiomatic rendering that captures the spirit and natural flow of the target language?

Different theories emphasize various aspects. Equivalence theory, for example, suggests that a good translation should achieve a certain level of equivalence with the original text, whether that equivalence is in form, meaning, or effect on the reader. Functionalist approaches, on the other hand, focus on the purpose or function of the translation in the target culture, suggesting that the translator should adapt the text to meet the needs of the target audience and the intended use of the translated work.

Another important consideration is the concept of domestication versus foreignization. Domestication involves making the translated text feel natural and familiar to the target audience, often by adapting cultural references and linguistic structures. Foreignization, conversely, aims to retain elements of the source culture, allowing the target reader to experience a sense of the foreignness of the original text. The choice between these approaches depends heavily on the specific text, its purpose, and the translator's objectives. Ultimately, translation principles guide translators in making informed decisions to produce accurate, effective, and appropriate translations.