Jäälautta

Jäälautta is a Finnish term that translates to "ice floe" or "ice raft" in English. It refers to a large piece of ice that has broken off from a larger ice formation, such as a glacier, ice sheet, or sea ice, and is floating freely in the water. These ice floes can vary greatly in size, from small fragments to vast expanses several kilometers across.

The formation of jäälautta is a natural process driven by various factors. In polar regions, thermal expansion and contraction of ice, along with wind and wave action, can cause large ice masses to fracture. Glacial calving, where icebergs break off from the edge of a glacier, is another significant source of ice floes. In freshwater environments like lakes, freezing and thawing cycles can also create ice floes.

Jäälautta play a role in Arctic and Antarctic ecosystems. They provide resting and hunting platforms for marine mammals such as seals and polar bears. The melting of ice floes can also release nutrients into the water, supporting phytoplankton blooms which form the base of the marine food web. For human activities, ice floes can pose navigational hazards to ships and influence weather patterns. Their movement and presence are also indicators of climate change, as warming temperatures can lead to increased ice fragmentation and melting.