Jäädytysten

Jäädytysten, also known as ice ages, are periods of long-term reduction in the temperature of the Earth's surface and atmosphere, resulting in the presence or expansion of continental ice sheets and alpine glaciers. These periods are characterized by extensive ice cover, which can significantly alter global climate patterns and sea levels. The most recent ice age, known as the Pleistocene Epoch, began around 2.6 million years ago and ended approximately 11,700 years ago. During this time, the Earth experienced multiple glacial and interglacial cycles, with the most recent glacial period ending around 11,700 years ago, marking the beginning of the current interglacial period, the Holocene.

The causes of ice ages are complex and involve a combination of factors, including variations in Earth's orbit and axial tilt, changes in solar radiation, and atmospheric composition. These factors can lead to significant cooling of the Earth's surface, triggering the formation of large ice sheets. The impact of ice ages on the environment is profound, affecting ecosystems, sea levels, and the distribution of species. During glacial periods, sea levels are lower due to the storage of water in ice sheets, exposing continental shelves and altering coastal landscapes. Conversely, during interglacial periods, sea levels rise as ice melts, leading to different coastal environments.

The study of jäädytysten is crucial for understanding past climate changes and predicting future climate trends. Scientists use various methods, including geological records, ice cores, and climate models, to analyze the causes and effects of ice ages. These studies provide valuable insights into the Earth's climate system and help inform strategies for mitigating the impacts of current climate change.