Jäädyttymispisteen

Jäädyttymispiste, also known as the freezing point, is the temperature at which a liquid turns into a solid at a given pressure. This transition is a physical change of state, and for pure substances at standard atmospheric pressure, it is a constant value. For example, pure water freezes at 0 degrees Celsius (32 degrees Fahrenheit). The freezing point is the same as the melting point, which is the temperature at which a solid turns into a liquid.

The freezing point of a substance can be influenced by several factors. The presence of impurities in a liquid generally lowers its freezing point. This phenomenon is called freezing point depression and is the reason why salt is spread on roads in winter to prevent ice formation. Pressure also affects the freezing point, although the effect is usually less significant than that of impurities for most substances. For water, increasing pressure actually slightly raises the freezing point, which is unusual.

Understanding freezing points is crucial in various scientific and industrial applications, including chemistry, meteorology, and food science. It helps in identifying substances, designing antifreeze solutions, and predicting weather patterns. The concept is fundamental to comprehending the behavior of matter under different temperature conditions.